Projected Primary Energy Demand

• 2030: By 2030, the global primary energy demand is expected to increase by somewhere between 16% and 57% compared with 2022, depending on various scenarios. The average annual growth rates range from 0.5% to 1.6% per year [2].

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• 2040: While specific projections for 2040 are not detailed in the current data, the trend suggests a continued increase in energy demand, with non-OECD countries, particularly in Asia, driving much of the growth due to their rising populations and standards of living [1].

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• 2050: By 2050, global energy use is projected to increase nearly 50% compared with 2020. This growth is mostly attributed to non-OECD economic growth and population increases, particularly in Asia. Liquid fuels are expected to remain a large energy source, but renewable energy use grows to nearly the same level [1].

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These projections are based on the U.S. Energy Information Administration's International Energy Outlook and take into account current policies and technological trends. It's important to note that these figures could change with new policies or technological breakthroughs that could alter the energy landscape significantly [1] [2]. If you need more detailed information or have specific questions about these projections, feel free to ask!

Sources: 

1. U.S. Energy Information Administration - EIA - EIA projections indicate global energy consumption increases through 2050

2. International Energy Outlook Consumption - By 2050, global energy use in the Reference case increases nearly 50% compared with 2020

3. Global energy demand to grow 47% by 2050, with oil still top source: US EIA

4. Global primary energy demand growth by scenario, 2019-2030